圆锥绣球
分类:植物科普
圆锥绣球 Hydrangea paniculate Sieb.
圆锥绣球花期
圆锥绣球果期
灌木或小乔木，高1-5米，有时达9米，胸径约20厘米；枝暗红褐色或灰褐色，初时被疏柔毛，后变无毛，具凹条纹和圆形浅色皮孔。叶纸质，2-3片对生或轮生，卵形或椭圆形，长5-14厘米，宽2-6.5厘米，先端渐尖或急尖，具短尖头，基部圆形或阔楔形，边缘有密集稍内弯的小锯齿，上面无毛或有稀疏糙伏毛，下面于叶脉和侧脉上被紧贴长柔毛；侧脉6-7对，上部微弯，小脉稠密网状，下面明显；叶柄长1-3厘米。圆锥状聚伞花序尖塔形，长达26厘米，序轴及分枝密被短柔毛；不育花较多，白色；萼片4，阔椭圆形或近圆形，不等大，结果时长1-1.8厘米，宽0.8-1.4厘米，先端圆或微凹，全缘；孕性花萼筒陀螺状，长约1.1毫米，萼齿短三角形，长约1毫米，花瓣白色，卵形或卵状披针形，长2.5-3毫米，渐尖；雄蕊不等长，长的长达4.5毫米，短的略短于花瓣，花药近圆形，长约0.5毫米；子房半下位，花柱3，钻状，长约1毫米，直，基部连合，柱头小，头状。蒴果椭圆形，不连花柱长4-5.5毫米，宽3-3.5毫米，顶端突出部分圆锥形，其长约等于萼筒；种子褐色，扁平，具纵脉纹，轮廓纺锤形，两端具翅，连翅长2.5-3.5毫米，其中翅长0.8-1.2毫米，先端的翅稍宽。花期7-8月，果期10-11月。
产西北（甘肃）、华东、华中、华南、西南等地区。生于山谷、山坡疏林下或山脊灌丛中，海拔360-2100米。日本也有分布。
Shrubs or small trees, 1-5 m tall. Branchlets dark brown to gray-brown, pilose, glabrescent, with orbicular lenticels. Leaves 2-opposite or 3-verticillate; petiole 1-3 cm; leaf blade ovate to elliptic, 5-14 × 6-6.5 cm, papery, abaxially appressed villous along veins, adaxially glabrous or sparsely strigose, secondary veins 6 or 7 on both sides of midvein, erect proximally, base rounded to broadly cuneate, margin serrulate, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescences paniculate cymes, pyramidal, to 26 cm; peduncle and branches densely pubescent. Sterile flowers with sepals 4, white, broadly elliptic to suborbicular, unequal, 1-1.8 × 0.8-1.4 cm in fruit, margin entire. Fertile flowers with calyx tube turbinate, ca. 1.1 mm; teeth triangular, ca. 1 mm. Petals white, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 2.5-3 mm. Stamens unequal, longer ones ca. 4.5 mm, others slightly shorter than petals; anthers subglobose, ca. 0.5 mm. Ovary ca. 1/2 superior. Styles 3, subulate, ca. 1 mm; stigmas capitate, small. Capsule ellipsoid, 3-3.5 mm in diam., projected apical part conical, 2-2.7 mm, equaling calyx tube. Seeds brown, fusiform, compressed, narrowly winged at both ends; wings 2.5-3 mm; seed coat striate veined. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Oct-Nov.
Sparse forests or thickets in valleys or on mountain slopes or tops; 300-2100 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Russia (Sakhalin)].
