牛鼻栓
分类:植物科普
牛鼻栓 Fortunearia sinensis Rehd. et Wils.
牛鼻栓花期
牛鼻栓果期
落叶灌木或小乔木，高5米；嫩枝有灰褐色柔毛；老枝秃净无毛，有稀疏皮孔，干后褐色或灰褐色；芽体细小，无鳞状苞片，被星毛。叶膜质，倒卵形或倒卵状椭圆形，长7-16厘米，宽4-10厘米，先端锐尖，基部圆形或钝，稍偏斜，上面深绿色，除中肋外秃净无毛，下面浅绿色，脉上有长毛；侧脉6-10对，第一对侧脉第二次分支侧脉不强烈；边缘有锯齿，齿尖稍向下弯；叶柄长4-10毫米，有毛；托叶早落。两性花的总状花序长4-8厘米，花序柄长1-1.5厘米，花序轴长4-7厘米，均有绒毛；苞片及小苞片披针形，长约2毫米，有星毛；萼筒长1毫米，无毛；萼齿卵形，长1.5毫米，先端有毛；花瓣狭披针形，比萼齿为短；雄蕊近于无柄，花药卵形，长1毫米；子房略有毛，花柱长1.5毫米，反卷；花梗长1-2毫米，有星毛。蒴果卵圆形，长1.5厘米，外面无毛，有白色皮孔，沿室间2片裂开，每片2浅裂，果瓣先端尖，果梗长5-10毫米。种子卵圆形，长约1厘米，宽5-6毫米，褐色，有光泽，种脐马鞍形，稍带白色。
分布于陕西、河南、四川、湖北、安徽、江苏，江西及浙江等省。
Shrubs or small trees, to 5 m tall; young branches with gray-brown hairs, older growth drying brown or gray-brown, glabrous, sparsely lenticellate; buds minute, naked, stellately pubescent. Petiole 4–10 mm; leaf blade obovate or obovate-elliptic, 7–16 × 4–10 cm, membranous, drying discolorous, abaxially villous, adaxially pubescent along midrib, base rounded or obtuse, margin dentate, apex acute; lateral veins 6–10 on each side. Inflorescences 4–8 cm; peduncle 1–1.5 cm, tomen tose; bracts and bracteoles lanceolate, 1.5- 2 mm, stellately pubescent. Pedicel 1–2 mm, stellately pubescent. Floral cup 0.8–1 mm, glabrous; sepals lanceolate, 1.2–1.5 mm. Petals narrowly lanceolate, shorter than sepals. Anthers 0.8–1 mm. Ovary sparsely pubescent; styles 1.5–2.5 mm. Fruiting pedicels 5–10 mm; capsules ovoid-globose, 12–15 mm, glabrous, white lenticellate, apex acute, dehiscing loculicidally by two 2-lobed valves. Seeds 8–10 × 5–6 mm. Fl. Mar–Apr, fr. May–Jun.
Forests; 800--1000 m. Anhui, Henan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang.
