芬芳安息香 Styrax odoratissimus Champ. ex Bentham 小乔木,高4-10米,直径达20厘米;树皮灰褐色,不开裂;嫩枝稍扁,疏被黄褐色星状短柔毛,成长后圆柱形,无毛,紫红色或暗褐色。叶互生,薄革质至纸质,卵形或卵状椭圆形,长4-15厘米,宽2-8厘米,顶端渐尖或急尖,基部宽楔形至圆形,边全缘或上部有疏锯齿,嫩时两面叶脉疏被星状短柔毛,以后脱落,或有时两面均无毛,成长叶上面仅中脉疏被星状毛,下面仅主脉和侧脉汇合处被白色星状长柔毛,其余无毛,或有时下面密被黄褐色星状短柔毛,侧脉每边6-9条,第三级小脉近平行,较密,上面平坦或稍凹入,下面隆起,干时两面常呈黄绿色;叶柄长5-10毫米,被毛。总状或圆锥花序,顶生,长5-8厘米,下部的花常生于叶腋;花序梗、花梗和小苞片密被黄色星状绒毛;花白色,长1.2-1.5厘米;花梗长1.5-1.8厘米;小苞片钻形,长约3毫米,易脱落;花萼膜质,杯状,高和宽均约5毫米,顶端截形、波状或齿裂,外面密被黄色星状绒毛,但近顶端及齿被毛较稀疏而呈褐色,内面无毛;花冠裂片膜质,椭圆形或倒卵状椭圆形,长9-11毫米,中部宽4-5毫米,花蕾时作覆瓦状排列,花冠管长3-4毫米;雄蕊较花冠短,花丝扁平,中部弯曲,全部密被白色星状短柔毛,花药长圆状披针形,药隔稍突出,被毛;花柱被白色星状柔毛。果实近球形,直径8-10毫米,顶端骤缩而具弯喙,密被灰黄色星状绒毛;种子卵形,密被褐色鳞片状毛和瘤状突起,稍具皱纹。花期3-4月,果期6-9月。
产安徽、湖北、江苏、浙江、湖南、江西、福建、广东、广西和贵州等省区。生于海拔600-1600米的阴湿山谷、山坡疏林中。模式标本采自广东香港。
木材坚硬,可作建筑,船舶、车辆和家具等用材;种子油供制肥皂和机械润滑油。
Trees 4--10 m tall. Trunk to 20 cm, bark gray-brown, not exfoliating. Young twigs slightly flattened, becoming purple to dark purple, terete, and glabrous. Leaves alternate; petiole 5--10 mm; leaf blade ovate to ovate-elliptic, 4--15 X 2--8 cm, leathery to papery, glabrous but abaxially sometimes veins densely brown stellate pubescent, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margin entire or remotely serrulate, apex acuminate to acute, secondary veins 6--9 pairs, tertiary veins subparallel. Inflorescence terminal racemes or panicles, 5--8 cm, densely yellow stellate tomentose. Pedicel 1.5--1.8 cm. Flowers 1.2--1.5 cm. Calyx ca. 5 X 5 mm, membranous, truncate to undulate. Corolla lobes elliptic to obovate-elliptic, 9--11 X 4--5 mm, membranous. Stamens shorter than corolla; filaments slightly flexuous at middle, densely white stellate pubescent. Fruit subglobose, 8--10 mm in diam., densely gray-yellow stellate tomentose, apex with a slightly curved rostrum. Seeds ovoid, tuberculate, densely brown scaly. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Jun-Sep.
Damp shaded ravines, slopes in forest thickets; 600--1600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.
芬芳安息香花期 芬芳安息香果期