尖萼梣
分类:植物科普
尖萼梣 Fraxinus odontocalyx Handel-Mazzetti ex E. Peter 
         落叶乔木,高10-12米;树皮灰色。芽卵状三角形,鳞片2-3对,外侧密被红褐色糠秕状腺毛,干后变黑,内侧密被黄色硬毛。小枝灰黄色,无毛,皮纵裂,散生细小、凸起的淡黄色皮孔,老枝灰褐色,圆柱形,具明显凸起的纵棱,不挺直,节稍大。羽状复叶长10-15厘米;叶柄长3-4.5厘米,基部扩大;叶轴具深沟,小叶着生处具关节,稍呈之字形曲折;小叶(3-)5(-7)枚,硬纸质,长椭圆形或披针形,长3-7.5厘米,宽1.5-3厘米,先端长渐尖,基部狭楔形,叶缘具内弯的粗据齿,两面无毛或下面基部稀被柔毛,散生细腺点,中脉在上面凹入,侧脉6-10对,细脉凸起,下面脉纹明显网结;小叶柄长约5毫米。圆锥花序顶生枝端,长约7厘米,花疏生,分枝基部常具叶状苞片,节间整齐而明显;花序梗扁平,近无毛或嫩时被疏散曲柔毛,无皮孔;花梗细而短,长约1.5毫米;雄花与两性花异株;花萼阔杯状,直径1.5毫米,颧齿三角形,先端锥尖,无毛,膜质;花冠黄绿色,裂片线形,长约1.5毫米,两端均狭尖;雄花具雄蕊2枚,藏于花冠之内,花药椭圆形,长约1.5毫米,花丝极短,花冠裂片早落;两性花的雄蕊与雌蕊近等长,花柱短,柱头长圆形,2浅裂。翅果倒披针形,长2-3厘米,宽4-6毫米,中上部最宽,先端斜凹,中央具宿存花柱,紫色甚美丽,翅延至坚果中部,坚果长约1厘米,脉棱细直;花萼宿存。花期5月,果期9月。
       产于陕西、安徽、浙江、福建、广东、广西、湖北、四川、贵州。生山地旷野、路旁,海拔800-2 400米。模式标本采自四川天全。 
        Trees 10-20 m tall, subglabrous. Branchlets terete, scabrous. Leaves in whorls of 3 at branch tips; petiole 4-5 cm; axis adaxially with ridges expanding into narrow wings; leaflets 7-11(-13); petiolule 5-12 mm; leaflet blade ovate, lanceolate, or narrowly lanceolate, 2.5-8(-12) X 1.5-4 cm, papery, adaxially glabrous, abaxially with dense minute glandular dots, sometimes puberulent along midvein, base cuneate, attenuate to petiolule, margin irregularly deltate dentate, apex acuminate or long acuminate; primary veins 10-14 on each side of midvein. Cymose panicles lateral at branches of previous year, ca. 5 cm. Flowers polygamous, appearing before leaves, opposite or in whorls of 3; without calyx and corolla. Samara oblanceolate, 3-5 cm X 5-8 mm; wing decurrent to base of nutlet, strongly twisted. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 46.
        On open fields of mountainous regions, roadsides; 800-2400 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang.

尖萼梣花期

尖萼梣果期

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